The Fight for the Environment: Washington Challenges California’s Green Plan

What Is California’s Law About?

In 2020, California Governor Gavin Newsom signed an executive order requiring all new cars sold in the state to have zero emissions by 2035. That means only electric or hydrogen-powered vehicles would be allowed.

This move is part of California’s larger climate strategy to reduce air pollution and become carbon-neutral. The plan was welcomed by environmentalists, electric car companies, and many people concerned about climate change. But it also faced strong criticism from the oil industry, some auto manufacturers, and conservative politicians. They say it limits consumer choice and could increase car prices.

What’s Happening in the U.S. Senate?

In May 2025, U.S. senators introduced a bill that would stop individual states—especially California—from setting environmental rules that go beyond national standards. Supporters of the bill say a single federal policy makes things easier for businesses and protects customers from being “forced” into buying electric cars.

If this bill becomes law, California would no longer be able to require electric-only car sales. This could affect not only California but also more than 10 other states that follow its environmental lead.

Governor Newsom Responds

Governor Newsom responded quickly, saying this move is an attack on state rights and science-based climate policy. He promised to challenge the bill in court if it passes.

What Could Be the Impact?

Experts say canceling California’s law could slow down the shift to electric vehicles in the U.S., reduce investment in green technology, and increase greenhouse gas emissions. That could weaken the U.S. position in the global fight against climate change.

According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), transportation is the biggest source of carbon emissions in the U.S. Switching to electric cars is seen as a key step to meet climate goals, including the promises made under the Paris Agreement.

Critics, however, point to real challenges: high prices of electric vehicles, limited charging infrastructure, and dependence on rare earth metals for batteries.

Politics and the Bigger Picture

This fight between California and the federal government shows a deeper political divide in the U.S. — between those pushing for strong climate action and those defending traditional industries. It also raises old questions about the power balance between state and federal governments.

The final outcome of this bill is still unclear. Heated debates are ongoing in Washington. Many experts believe that if the Senate passes it, the issue will end up in the U.S. Supreme Court — where the future of California’s green policies could be decided.