Russian Time Magazine

Oncology: The First Signs of Cancer

The word cancer is scary. But the more we know, the better we can protect ourselves. The most important thing is to recognize the problem early — that's when the chances for successful treatment are much higher. Here's what symptoms to watch for, which tests to take and when, along with expert comments from California-based doctors.

Signs You Shouldn’t Ignore

Cancer symptoms can vary, but some common warning signs often appear in the early stages:

  • Constant fatigue — even if you're sleeping and resting well.
  • Sudden weight loss or gain — without a clear reason.
  • Appetite changes — no desire to eat, nausea, or difficulty swallowing.
  • Lumps or swellings — especially new or unusual ones.
  • Persistent pain — especially if it doesn’t go away or gets worse.
  • Skin changes — new moles, strange spots, or wounds that don’t heal.
  • Ongoing cough or hoarseness — especially with blood in the mucus.
  • Unexplained bruising or bleeding — without injury.
  • Bathroom issues — frequent constipation, diarrhea, or unusual urine.
  • Night sweats or fever — not caused by infection.

If you notice any of these symptoms lasting more than two weeks, it’s best to see a doctor.
When to Get Screened

Many types of cancer can be detected before symptoms appear — regular screenings are key. Here's what doctors recommend:

Breast Cancer

  • Ages 40–44: You may start annual mammograms.
  • Ages 45–54: Annual mammograms are recommended.
  • Age 55 and older: Every two years, or continue annually.

If you have a family history, talk to your doctor about additional tests like an MRI.

Cervical Cancer
  • Ages 21–29: A Pap test every 3 years.
  • Ages 30–65: A Pap test and HPV test every 5 years, or a Pap test alone every 3 years.
  • After age 65: You may stop testing if previous results have been normal.
Colorectal Cancer

  • Starting at age 45: Choose between a colonoscopy every 10 years or annual stool tests.

If you have a family history: Get screened earlier.

Lung Cancer

  • Ages 50–80: Yearly low-dose CT scans if you smoke or used to smoke.

Prostate Cancer
  • Starting at age 50: Talk to your doctor about a PSA blood test.
  • Starting at age 45: If you have risk factors (like family history), consider earlier testing.
What California Doctors Say

Dr. Jack Jacoub, a California-based oncologist, says that maintaining a healthy weight through balanced nutrition and regular exercise — along with avoiding alcohol, smoking, red meat, and processed foods — are key ways to significantly reduce cancer risk and improve overall health.

Oncologist Dr. Christine Teal recommends staying physically active at least four days a week to lower the risk of several common cancers, including breast and colorectal cancer.
The earlier you recognize warning signs and get screened, the better your chances of full recovery. Listen to your body, don’t delay a doctor visit, and don’t be afraid of prevention. These simple steps could one day save your life.
2025-04-24 21:58 HEALTH